Modeling of Central Incisors Position Indicators in boys and girls according to CC. Steiner method for Forensic Dental Identification

Abstract

Personal identification remains one of the main focuses of forensic experts. A foreseeable method of conducting forensic research in  the case of an unknown person's examination is a forensic dental examination. However, like other anthropometric studies, it requires  adjustment for variables such as age, gender, and most importantly, ethnicity. The purpose of this study is to investigate the correct  use of central incisors for Ukrainian boys and girls according to the data recommended by C.C.Steiner for their implementation in  forensic identification. 93 lateral cephalometric images (38 boys and 55 girls) of 16-21 years of age with normal bite were examined.  Cephalometric analysis was performed in OnyxCeph 3D pro. Statistical analysis and construction of regression models were carried  out in the "Statistica 6.0" license package. A number of discrepancies in the percentile range of indexes of the position of the central  incisors of the upper and lower jaws, depending on the value of the angle ANB in Ukrainian boys and girls with the results provided  by CC. Steiner, were established. As a result of the regression analysis, reliable models of the characteristics of the position of the  central incisors of the upper and lower jaws were constructed for Ukrainian boys and girls by Steiner method. The coefficient of  determination in boys was found to be from 0.542 to 0.796; and in girls – from 0.503 to 0.622. The study confirmed the relationship  of the angle ANB with angular (angles Max1_NA and Max1_SN) and linear (distance 1u_NA) characteristics of the position of the  upper central incisors and the inclination angle of the lower central incisors (Mand1_NB). Ethnic differences in the characteristics of  the position of the central incisors were determined depending on the magnitude of the ANB angle, and the general nature of the  relationships of the main diagnostic parameters proposed by Steiner was confirmed. The results obtained allow their further use in  routine practice for the purpose of forensic identification.